Widely applicable coinage metal window electrodes on flexible polyester substrates applied to organic photovoltaics.
Identifieur interne : 000933 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000932; suivant : 000934Widely applicable coinage metal window electrodes on flexible polyester substrates applied to organic photovoltaics.
Auteurs : RBID : pubmed:23127805English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Metals, Organic Chemicals, Polyesters.
- Adsorption, Elastic Modulus, Electric Power Supplies, Electrodes, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Solar Energy.
Abstract
The fabrication, exceptional properties, and application of 8 nm thick Cu, Ag, Au, and Cu/Ag bilayer electrodes on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates is reported. These electrodes are fabricated using a solvent free process in which the plastic surface is chemically modified with a molecular monolayer of thiol and amine terminated alkylsilanes prior to metal deposition. The resulting electrodes have a sheet resistance of ≤14 Ω sq⁻¹, are exceptionally robust and can be rapidly thermally annealed at 200 °C to reduce their sheet resistance to ≤9 Ω sq⁻¹. Notably, annealing Au electrodes briefly at 200 °C causes the surface to revert almost entirely to the {111} face, rendering it ideal as a model electrode for fundamental science and practical application alike. The power conversion efficiency of 1 cm² organic photovoltaics (OPVs) employing 8 nm Ag and Au films as the hole-extracting window electrode exhibit performance comparable to those on indium-tin oxide, with the advantage that they are resistant to repeated bending through a small radius of curvature and are chemically well-defined. OPVs employing Cu and bilayer Cu:Ag electrodes exhibit inferior performance due to a lower open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Measurements of the interfacial energetics made using the Kelvin probe technique provide insight into the physical reason for this difference. The results show how coinage metal electrodes offer a viable alternative to ITO on flexible substrates for OPVs and highlight the challenges associated with the use of Cu as an electrode material in this context.
DOI: 10.1021/am3016763
PubMed: 23127805
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Widely applicable coinage metal window electrodes on flexible polyester substrates applied to organic photovoltaics.</title><author><name sortKey="Stec, Helena M" uniqKey="Stec H">Helena M Stec</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hatton, Ross A" uniqKey="Hatton R">Ross A Hatton</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="doi">10.1021/am3016763</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:23127805</idno><idno type="pmid">23127805</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000952</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000952</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000933</idno></publicationStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adsorption</term><term>Elastic Modulus</term><term>Electric Power Supplies</term><term>Electrodes</term><term>Equipment Design</term><term>Equipment Failure Analysis</term><term>Metals (chemistry)</term><term>Organic Chemicals (chemistry)</term><term>Polyesters (chemistry)</term><term>Solar Energy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Metals</term><term>Organic Chemicals</term><term>Polyesters</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adsorption</term><term>Elastic Modulus</term><term>Electric Power Supplies</term><term>Electrodes</term><term>Equipment Design</term><term>Equipment Failure Analysis</term><term>Solar Energy</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The fabrication, exceptional properties, and application of 8 nm thick Cu, Ag, Au, and Cu/Ag bilayer electrodes on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates is reported. These electrodes are fabricated using a solvent free process in which the plastic surface is chemically modified with a molecular monolayer of thiol and amine terminated alkylsilanes prior to metal deposition. The resulting electrodes have a sheet resistance of ≤14 Ω sq⁻¹, are exceptionally robust and can be rapidly thermally annealed at 200 °C to reduce their sheet resistance to ≤9 Ω sq⁻¹. Notably, annealing Au electrodes briefly at 200 °C causes the surface to revert almost entirely to the {111} face, rendering it ideal as a model electrode for fundamental science and practical application alike. The power conversion efficiency of 1 cm² organic photovoltaics (OPVs) employing 8 nm Ag and Au films as the hole-extracting window electrode exhibit performance comparable to those on indium-tin oxide, with the advantage that they are resistant to repeated bending through a small radius of curvature and are chemically well-defined. OPVs employing Cu and bilayer Cu:Ag electrodes exhibit inferior performance due to a lower open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Measurements of the interfacial energetics made using the Kelvin probe technique provide insight into the physical reason for this difference. The results show how coinage metal electrodes offer a viable alternative to ITO on flexible substrates for OPVs and highlight the challenges associated with the use of Cu as an electrode material in this context.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">23127805</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2012</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2013</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>30</Day></DateCompleted><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1944-8252</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>4</Volume><Issue>11</Issue><PubDate><Year>2012</Year><Month>Nov</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>ACS applied materials & interfaces</Title><ISOAbbreviation>ACS Appl Mater Interfaces</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Widely applicable coinage metal window electrodes on flexible polyester substrates applied to organic photovoltaics.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>6013-20</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1021/am3016763</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The fabrication, exceptional properties, and application of 8 nm thick Cu, Ag, Au, and Cu/Ag bilayer electrodes on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates is reported. These electrodes are fabricated using a solvent free process in which the plastic surface is chemically modified with a molecular monolayer of thiol and amine terminated alkylsilanes prior to metal deposition. The resulting electrodes have a sheet resistance of ≤14 Ω sq⁻¹, are exceptionally robust and can be rapidly thermally annealed at 200 °C to reduce their sheet resistance to ≤9 Ω sq⁻¹. Notably, annealing Au electrodes briefly at 200 °C causes the surface to revert almost entirely to the {111} face, rendering it ideal as a model electrode for fundamental science and practical application alike. The power conversion efficiency of 1 cm² organic photovoltaics (OPVs) employing 8 nm Ag and Au films as the hole-extracting window electrode exhibit performance comparable to those on indium-tin oxide, with the advantage that they are resistant to repeated bending through a small radius of curvature and are chemically well-defined. OPVs employing Cu and bilayer Cu:Ag electrodes exhibit inferior performance due to a lower open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Measurements of the interfacial energetics made using the Kelvin probe technique provide insight into the physical reason for this difference. The results show how coinage metal electrodes offer a viable alternative to ITO on flexible substrates for OPVs and highlight the challenges associated with the use of Cu as an electrode material in this context.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stec</LastName><ForeName>Helena M</ForeName><Initials>HM</Initials><Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hatton</LastName><ForeName>Ross A</ForeName><Initials>RA</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType>Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2012</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>09</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>ACS Appl Mater Interfaces</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101504991</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1944-8244</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Metals</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Organic Chemicals</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance>Polyesters</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Adsorption</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Elastic Modulus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="Y">Electric Power Supplies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="Y">Electrodes</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Equipment Design</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Equipment Failure Analysis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Metals</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Organic Chemicals</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Polyesters</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">chemistry</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="Y">Solar Energy</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="aheadofprint"><Year>2012</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>9</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2012</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2012</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2013</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>1</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1021/am3016763</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23127805</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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